HIV, AIDS, and Cancer: The Connection

HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) and AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) are not types of cancer, but they are closely related to increased cancer risk. Here’s how:

• Weakened Immune System: HIV damages the immune system, reducing the body’s ability to detect and fight off abnormal cells that can turn into cancer.

• Higher Risk for Certain Cancers: People with HIV are significantly more likely to develop certain cancers, called AIDS-related or HIV-associated cancers. These include:

  • Kaposi Sarcoma

  • Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma

  • Invasive Cervical Cancer

• Increased Infection Risk: HIV-positive individuals are more vulnerable to cancer-causing infections like HPV (which can cause cervical and throat cancers) and Hepatitis B/C (which can lead to liver cancer).

• Delayed Detection and Limited Access: In some cases, stigma, lack of healthcare access, or co-existing infections may delay cancer diagnosis or treatment in people living with HIV/AIDS.

Key Takeaway: Managing HIV with antiretroviral therapy (ART) greatly lowers cancer risk and improves overall health. Regular cancer screenings are crucial for individuals living with HIV.